Does the Pope have checks and balances?

The Code of Canon Law:

Can. 331 The bishop of the Roman Church, in whom continues the office given by the Lord uniquely to Peter, the first of the apostles, and to be transmitted to his successors, is the head of the college of bishops, the Vicar of Christ, and the pastor of the universal Church on earth. By virtue of his office he possesses supreme, full, immediate, and universal ordinary power in the Church, which he is always able to exercise freely.

Can.  1404 The First See is judged by no one.

The pope has, in the terms of the typical legal system, the full powers of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. He can promulgate or dispense from any Church law he wishes. The pope cannot, however, promulgate any law that violates divine law, nor can he dispense from divine law.

So, in one sense it can be said that there are no “checks and balances” on the power of the pope other than having to answer to God for his actions and choices. In a more practical sense, the pope still requires others to carry out his rulings and decisions.  A practical check and balance on the power of the pope is, like many leaders, the willingness of others to follow. However, this too carries with it the risk of those who refuse to obey the pope, having to answer to God for those actions.